Overweight and obese adults who complete a 12-week supervised aerobic exercise program burning about 10.5 megajoules per week improve their cardiovascular fitness similarly, regardless of whether they are male or premenopausal female, even if men start with higher fitness levels.

People who follow a structured exercise program at their local clinic get better at using oxygen during physical activity, making them more physically fit—even if they don’t lose weight.

In overweight and obese adults, doing 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise that burns about 10.5 million joules per week does not change how much food they eat daily, even though they feel hungrier when fasting.

In obese Black South African women aged 20–35 with a BMI of 30–40 kg/m², a 12-week exercise program done four times per week at high intensity increases the body's ability to burn fat during steady exercise and improves maximum oxygen uptake.

A 12-week supervised exercise program that burns about 10.5 megajoules per week leads to comparable decreases in body fat and fat mass in overweight and obese men and premenopausal women, with no meaningful difference between the sexes.

Over 12 weeks, a supervised aerobic exercise program that burns about 10.5 megajoules per week raises hunger levels after fasting in overweight and obese adults, but does not change total daily hunger or differences in satiety between men and women.