After 8 weeks of intense, supervised weight training, people who already train regularly gain only 3.3% to 4.6% more muscle in their side shoulder muscles, while people new to training typically gain...
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
People who have lifted weights for years don't grow much more because their workouts don't stretch their shoulder muscles enough to trigger the signals needed for growth. Even with heavy lifting and lots of reps, the muscle doesn't get pulled far enough to turn on the internal system that builds...
Most probable mechanism
In people who have trained for years, their muscles don't grow much more because the way they lift weights doesn't stretch the muscle fibers enough to trigger strong growth signals. Even when they lift heavy and do many reps, the muscle doesn't get pulled far enough to activate the internal sensors that tell the cell to build more protein. Without this signal, the muscle doesn't add new fibers or get bigger.
Mechanical tension applied to muscle fibers in a lengthened position activates titin-based mechanosensors that initiate intracellular signaling cascades including mTOR and MAPK pathways.
Resistance-trained individuals perform exercises with standardized ranges of motion that limit full engagement of the muscle in its lengthened state, reducing activation of titin-mediated mechanosensing.
Reduced mechanosensing leads to diminished upregulation of muscle protein synthesis and insufficient suppression of proteolytic pathways.
Net myofibrillar protein accretion is limited, resulting in minimal increases in muscle fiber cross-sectional area and measurable muscle thickness.
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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Dumbbell versus cable lateral raises for lateral deltoid hypertrophy: an experimental study
Contradicting (0)
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