A modified form of zinc from wheat bran may help treat ulcerative colitis by changing gut bacteria, bile acids, and the proteins that line the intestine, based on tests in mice.
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
Good gut bacteria break down a special wheat bran compound into zinc and other molecules that fix the gut's protective lining and turn off inflammation signals. This helps stop leaks and swelling in the colon, which is why it may help treat ulcerative colitis.
Most probable mechanism
A special compound from wheat bran gets broken down by good gut bacteria into zinc and other molecules, which then turn on a protein that strengthens the gut lining, while also blocking a signal that causes inflammation. This helps stop leaks in the gut and calms down the immune response, reducing swelling and damage.
Enzymatically hydrolyzed zinc phytate is broken down by gut bacteria into bioavailable inositol phosphates and ionic zinc
Ionic zinc and inositol phosphates activate HDAC3 expression in colonic epithelial cells
HDAC3 activation increases production of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity
Ionic zinc and inositol phosphates inhibit phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, preventing activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway
Suppression of NF-κB reduces transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, decreasing colonic inflammation
Altered gut microbiota composition increases bacterial conversion of primary bile acids into secondary bile acids, including chenodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid
Elevated secondary bile acids activate nuclear receptors that further promote tight junction expression and suppress inflammatory signaling
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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