Health Claims

For people with heart disease who are already taking cholesterol-lowering drugs but still have high bad cholesterol, adding a drug called evolocumab can cut their risk of heart attack, stroke, or dying from heart problems by 20% over about two years.

Causal

For people with heart disease who are already taking cholesterol-lowering statins but still have high LDL, adding a drug called evolocumab can lower their chances of having a heart attack, stroke, or other serious heart problems by about 15% over two years.

Causal

For people with heart disease who are already taking cholesterol-lowering pills, adding a drug called evolocumab can slash their bad cholesterol by about 60% in less than a year—bringing it down to very low levels.

Quantitative

A shot called AMG 145, given once a month, can cut bad cholesterol by more than 60% in people already on cholesterol meds — and it stays effective the whole month.

Quantitative

A drug called AMG 145 seems to lower a harmful type of cholesterol called Lp(a) by up to half in people already taking cholesterol meds, and it might work in a new way doctors haven’t seen before.

Mechanistic

A drug called AMG 145 can lower a harmful blood protein linked to heart disease by up to 59% in people with high cholesterol who are already taking statins, and it seems to do more than just lower bad cholesterol.

Quantitative

A drug called AMG 145, when given every two weeks, cuts bad cholesterol by about three-quarters in people with high cholesterol who are already on strong meds or have a genetic form of the condition — even when their options are limited.

Causal

A drug called AMG 145, when given as a weekly shot at 35 mg or more, can cut bad cholesterol by up to 81% in people already on cholesterol meds, and the effect lasts through the week—so it might work well even if given every other week.

Causal

A shot of a drug called AMG 145 can quickly lower bad cholesterol—by up to 64% in just a few days—especially when given at higher doses, and it works by targeting a specific protein in the body.

Mechanistic

People born with certain gene changes that lower their bad cholesterol over their whole life have a lower chance of heart disease — the more their cholesterol is lowered, the lower their risk.

Quantitative

People who naturally have lower 'bad' cholesterol because of their genes tend to have cleaner arteries, which means less buildup of plaque over time.

Correlational

People born with a certain gene that lowers their bad cholesterol their whole life have a lower risk of heart disease than what we'd expect from cholesterol-lowering drugs like statins — meaning starting early and keeping cholesterol low for longer might protect the heart better.

Correlational

White adults with a certain gene variant have lower bad cholesterol and are nearly half as likely to get heart disease over 15 years — showing that even a small, lifelong drop in cholesterol can really protect your heart.

Correlational

Black adults with a certain genetic mutation have much lower bad cholesterol and are way less likely to get heart disease over 15 years — this shows that keeping cholesterol low from an early age could really protect your heart, even if you're at higher risk.

Correlational

A specific part of the PCSK9 protein (the tail end) is needed to ship it out of liver cells; if this part is broken, less PCSK9 gets into the blood, so cholesterol stays lower.

Mechanistic

Some cholesterol-lowering drugs called PCSK9 inhibitors can lower a specific type of blood fat linked to heart disease, and that might help protect people with high levels, but scientists aren't sure exactly how it works yet.

Mechanistic

Blocking a protein called PCSK9 helps the immune system better recognize and attack cancer cells in mice, slowing tumor growth — and it works in a way that's not related to cholesterol.

Mechanistic

A type of medicine (like evolocumab or alirocumab) blocks a protein in your body called PCSK9, which helps your liver remove bad cholesterol from your blood—cutting it by about half.

Mechanistic

A protein called PCSK9 helps break down the liver's 'LDL cholesterol cleaners,' so more bad cholesterol stays in your blood, raising heart disease risk. People with certain PCSK9 gene changes either have very high or very low cholesterol levels.

Mechanistic

Genes have a bigger influence on how much people sit at work than on how much they sit during free time.

Quantitative

Just because someone sits a lot doesn’t mean they’re genetically wired to be less active — sitting and moving aren’t exact opposites in our DNA, even though they’re somewhat linked in behavior.

Quantitative

How much you say you sit and how much you actually sit are somewhat linked — about 1 in 3 people who report sitting a lot really do. And nearly half of that link comes from shared genes, meaning your DNA plays a role in both what you do and what you say about it.

Correlational

People's genes seem to play a smaller role in how they report their sitting time compared to their actual sitting habits — meaning how much you say you sit isn't as influenced by DNA as how much you actually sit.

Quantitative

More than half of why people sit or recline different amounts every day comes down to their genes, not just their habits or surroundings.

Quantitative