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The Study

Overhead shoulder press – In-front of the head or behind the head?

In simple terms

This study takes a snapshot of how people move when doing two types of shoulder presses. It can show differences between the two styles, but it can't prove that one causes injuries or is safer than the other.

21%

Analysis score

21/ 44

Maximum 44 for a cross-sectional study.

Where the score came from

Reporting0
Methodology4
Publication100
Statistical0
Study type (basis of the score)
Cross-Sectional Study
Level 4 - Case series
What’s the bottom line?

This study looked at two ways of lifting weights overhead — in front of your head or behind it — and checked how each affects your back and shoulders.

Where does this study sit?

Systematic Reviews & Meta-analyses

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Case-Control

Max 58

Cross-Sectional

Max 44

Case Reports & Series

Max 30

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Case Reports & Series
Level 4
21

21 / 100

Quality score

Detailed descriptions of individual patients or small groups. Valuable for identifying new conditions or side effects, but cannot establish generalizable conclusions.

Cannot establish causation

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Key takeaways

Summary

Based on the study abstract and findings.

  1. 1Lifting behind the head may be riskier for boys' shoulders, and girls may need stronger core muscles to keep good form.
  2. 2If you have normal shoulder motion and core strength, both lifts are safe.
  3. 333 people did seated overhead presses.
  4. 4The back-starting lift began with a rounded upper back, while the front-starting lift began with an arched upper back.
  5. 5The upper back stayed arched between 12° and 15° throughout for everyone.
  6. 6Boys kept a normal lower back curve; girls tended to round their lower backs.
  7. 7Boys’ shoulders rotated more than they normally can when lifting behind the head.

Score breakdown, methodology, conflicts of interest, evidence analysis & raw study data

Publication

Journal

Journal of Sport and Health Science

Year

2015

Authors

M. McKean, B. Burkett

Open Access
12 citations
Analysis v3
Fit Body Science verdict — we translate health studies into clear verdicts backed by peer-reviewed research.

Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health decisions.