Why protein makes you feel full longer
Effects of fat, protein, and carbohydrate and protein load on appetite, plasma cholecystokinin, peptide YY, and ghrelin, and energy intake in lean and obese men.
Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional. Terms
No biological mechanisms were identified in this study. This may be an epidemiological, observational, or survey-based study that reports associations rather than proposing causal biological pathways.
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses
Max 100Randomized Controlled Trials
Max 90Cohort Studies
Max 72Case-Control Studies
Max 58Cross-Sectional Studies
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Evidence Score
A snapshot of a population at a single point in time. Can identify correlations and prevalence, but cannot determine the direction of cause and effect.
Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional. Terms
No biological mechanisms were identified in this study. This may be an epidemiological, observational, or survey-based study that reports associations rather than proposing causal biological pathways.
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses
Max 100Randomized Controlled Trials
Max 90Cohort Studies
Max 72Case-Control Studies
Max 58Cross-Sectional Studies
Max 44Case Reports & Case Series
Max 30Expert Opinion & Narrative Reviews
Max 527 / 44
Evidence Score
A snapshot of a population at a single point in time. Can identify correlations and prevalence, but cannot determine the direction of cause and effect.
Publication
Journal
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology
Year
2012
Authors
I. M. Brennan, N. Luscombe-Marsh, R. Seimon, B. Otto, M. Horowitz, J. Wishart, C. Feinle-Bisset
Related Content
Claims (6)
Masticatory activity triggers the release of cholecystokinin and suppresses ghrelin, reducing subjective hunger independent of nutrient intake.
Even small changes in how much protein is in a meal — not huge amounts — can help people feel fuller and eat less, whether they’re lean or obese.
When lean men eat meals with more fat or protein instead of lots of carbs, they feel less hungry, fuller longer, and end up eating less food later.
Obese men feel less hungry after eating high-protein meals and eat less afterward when they eat meals with more protein, no matter if it's high-protein or just enough protein.
Meals with enough or lots of protein make two key hunger hormones (CCK and ghrelin) stay active longer in both lean and obese men, which might help them feel full longer.