A protein that helps control inflammation behaves differently after vaccination depending on whether someone had COVID before—going down in those who did, up in those who didn’t.
Evidence from Studies
No evidence studies found yet.
What Would Prove This
Per GRADE and EBM methodology, here is what ideal scientific evidence would look like to definitively prove or disprove this claim, ordered from strongest to weakest.
Causal effect of vaccination on GSTO1 expression based on prior infection status.
Double-blind RCT of 200 adults stratified by prior infection status, randomized to vaccine or placebo, with GSTO1 levels measured via SOMAScan at baseline and day 14 post-vaccination.
Association between prior infection and GSTO1 response to vaccination.
Longitudinal cohort of 250 adults with and without prior infection, followed with blood draws pre- and post-primary vaccination, analyzing GSTO1 fold-change and significance (p < 0.05, FDR < 0.1).
Snapshot of GSTO1 levels in vaccinated individuals with and without prior infection.
Cross-sectional study of 400 vaccinated adults, half with prior infection, measuring GSTO1 levels via proteomics and comparing mean expression (RFU) between groups using ANCOVA adjusted for age and sex.