In obese mice, a compound called G49 leads to a temporary buildup of fat in the liver within six hours, accompanied by increased activity of genes involved in fat production, triggered by hormonal...
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
G49 makes fat cells dump fat into the blood. The liver grabs that fat and temporarily stores it as oil. At the same time, the pancreas releases insulin because of the fat and the drug, and that insulin tells the liver to make even more oil. This only lasts a few hours before the liver starts...
Most probable mechanism
A drug called G49 tricks fat cells into releasing stored fat into the blood. The liver takes up this fat and temporarily stores it as oil, while also turning on genes that make even more fat. This happens because the fat release triggers the pancreas to release insulin, which tells the liver to make more fat. The whole process lasts only a few hours before the liver starts burning off the excess.
G49 binds to glucagon receptors on white adipose tissue adipocytes, activating protein kinase A and phosphorylating hormone-sensitive lipase, triggering hydrolysis of triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol
Free fatty acids released from adipose tissue enter the hepatic circulation and are taken up by hepatocytes, leading to transient accumulation of triglycerides
Elevated free fatty acids and glucagon receptor signaling stimulate pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin via GLP-1 receptor activation and FFA-mediated potentiation
Insulin activates the transcription factors SREBP-1 and downstream lipogenic genes FASN and SREBF1 in hepatocytes, promoting de novo lipogenesis and further triglyceride synthesis
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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The dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist G49 mimics bariatric surgery effects by inducing metabolic rewiring and inter-organ crosstalk
Contradicting (0)
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