Glutamine, glycine, and proline in bone broth contribute to the repair of intestinal lining cells and maintain the integrity of tight junctions between these cells in laboratory models.
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
Amino acids from food are used by gut cells to seal gaps between them, repair damaged tissue, and stop inflammation. This keeps the gut lining strong and prevents harmful substances from leaking out.
Most probable mechanism
Amino acids from food are absorbed by gut cells, which use them to build new proteins that seal the gaps between cells, repair damaged tissue, and calm inflammation. This keeps the gut lining intact and prevents harmful substances from leaking through.
Glutamine is absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells and used as a primary energy source to fuel cellular metabolism and protein synthesis
Intracellular glutamine metabolism activates signaling pathways that increase production and proper assembly of tight junction proteins including occludin, claudins, and ZO-1
Glycine binds to chloride channels on epithelial and immune cells, causing membrane hyperpolarization that suppresses activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-kB signaling
Reduced NF-kB signaling decreases production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta in the intestinal mucosa
Proline and hydroxyproline are incorporated into newly synthesized collagen and extracellular matrix proteins by fibroblasts and epithelial cells
New collagen stabilizes the lamina propria and provides structural support for epithelial restitution and mucosal healing
Arginine is converted to nitric oxide by endothelial nitric oxide synthase, increasing local blood flow and reducing leukocyte adhesion in the intestinal microvasculature
Zinc binds to metal-responsive transcription factor 1, triggering nuclear translocation and upregulation of genes encoding tight junction proteins such as claudin-1 and occludin
Zinc inhibits NF-kB activation and reduces oxidative stress in epithelial cells, protecting barrier integrity from damage
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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Bone Broth Benefits: How Its Nutrients Fortify Gut Barrier in Health and Disease
Contradicting (0)
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