After being given through an IV, NMN and NR end up in your gut through bile, where your gut bacteria turn them into a form of vitamin B3 that your body can use to make an important energy molecule called NAD+.

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Evidence from Studies

Supporting (1)

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Community contributions welcome

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Nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide facilitate NAD+ synthesis via enterohepatic circulation

Cohort Study

Animal

2025 Mar 21

The study shows that when NMN and NR are given through the vein, they end up in the gut, where gut bacteria turn them into a form of vitamin B3 that the liver uses to make an important molecule called NAD+.

Contradicting (0)

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No contradicting evidence found

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Similar Assertions

When mice get NMN or NR through an IV, their bodies quickly break it down, send it to the gut, where gut bacteria turn part of it into another form that gets recycled back to the liver to make an important energy molecule—so the gut-liver loop is key, even with injections.

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When you take NR or NMN supplements, your gut bacteria turn them into a form of vitamin B3, which your body then uses to make an important molecule called NAD+ that helps keep your cells healthy.

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When mice take NMN or NR supplements by mouth, most of it gets changed into another form—nicotinic acid—by gut bacteria before the body uses it. The liver mostly uses this changed form to make an important molecule called NAD+, and only a little bit gets used directly.

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