In obese women between 20 and 45 years old, losing weight at a moderate pace through a 20–25% calorie reduction over 10 weeks leads to a 22.66% decrease in plasma interleukin-1 levels compared to rapid weight loss, but shows no significant difference compared to slow weight loss.

In obese women between 20 and 45 years old, losing weight slowly over 15 weeks with a moderate calorie reduction leads to a larger decrease in two markers of systemic inflammation—interleukin-1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein—than losing weight quickly over 12 weeks with a larger calorie reduction.

In obese women between 20 and 45 years old, losing weight quickly by cutting calories by 30–35% for 12 weeks does not lower levels of two inflammatory markers (IL-1 and hs-CRP) compared to their starting levels, but leads to higher levels of these markers after the diet than slower weight loss methods.

In obese women aged 20–45, losing weight slowly or at a moderate pace lowers plasma interleukin-1 levels more than losing weight quickly, but none of these weight loss speeds significantly lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, suggesting that interleukin-1 responds more to how fast weight is lost than high-sensitivity C-reactive protein does.

In obese adults, following a 30-day fasting period from dawn to dusk was linked to lower levels of several inflammatory proteins in the blood, and some of these reductions remained detectable two weeks after the fast ended.

Even when obese mice lose weight by eating less on a high-fat diet, their belly fat stays inflamed — unlike mice that eat a healthy low-fat diet, whose inflammation goes away.