Giving underweight pregnant women extra calories and protein every day doesn't really change how their bodies process protein or amino acids, except for a tiny drop in some fasting measurements. This suggests that these women don't actually need extra protein supplements to keep their metabolism working normally during pregnancy.

Giving underweight pregnant women in India extra calories and protein every day doesn't actually help them have healthier babies or longer pregnancies. It seems their bodies already handle their nutrition well enough on their own, so extra supplements aren't needed.

Giving pregnant women in developing countries a balanced supplement with extra energy and protein helps their babies be born heavier and lowers the chance of the baby being born too small.

Giving pregnant women in low-income areas a daily balanced energy and protein supplement, instead of just iron and folic acid, helps their babies be born about 50 grams heavier. This small but important weight gain can help prevent babies from being too small at birth.

Giving pregnant women in developing countries extra protein and energy supplements doesn't seem to change how often babies are born too early or die shortly after birth. While it might help the baby grow better and prevent stillbirths, it doesn't change when the baby is born or save newborns from dying.

Giving pregnant women in lower-income countries extra protein and calorie supplements might cut the chance of babies being born dead by about 60%. While the results look promising, researchers note that more high-quality studies are needed to be completely sure.