When people with higher body fat consume glucose, their insulin levels rise, but the resulting increase in nerve activity that controls blood vessel constriction and heart rate is smaller than in...
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
When you eat sugar, your body releases insulin, which normally tells your nerves to activate muscle stress responses. But if you have more body fat, those nerves don’t listen as well because they become less responsive to insulin, so the signal doesn’t get through as strongly.
Most probable mechanism
When sugar is eaten, insulin rises and normally tells the nervous system to increase activity in muscles, but in people with more body fat, the nerves don't respond as well because they become less sensitive to insulin, so the signal to activate the stress response in muscles gets weaker.
Oral glucose ingestion increases blood glucose levels, triggering pancreatic beta-cells to release insulin into the bloodstream
Elevated insulin normally activates neural circuits in the hypothalamus or brainstem that increase sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle
Excess adipose tissue releases signaling molecules that impair insulin receptor signaling in central nervous system regions controlling sympathetic tone
Reduced insulin sensitivity in these neural pathways diminishes the ability of rising insulin to stimulate muscle sympathetic nerve activity
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
Community contributions welcome
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Glucose Ingestion: Impact of Plasma Insulin and Body Fat
Contradicting (0)
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