Sesame seeds contain compounds that can act like estrogen or block estrogen, depending on how much estrogen is already in the body. When estrogen levels are low, these compounds add to it; when estrogen levels are high, they reduce its effects.

Based on the evidence we’ve reviewed so far, sesame lignans do appear to have both estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects depending on a person’s estrogen levels. Our current analysis of one key claim, supported by four studies with none refuting it, suggests that compounds in sesame seeds can act like estrogen when levels are low, essentially adding to the body’s supply, and can block estrogen’s effects when levels are high [1]. This is what researchers sometimes describe as a “selective” or “context-dependent” action. We want to be clear that this is a partial view, based on the studies we have examined up to this point. The evidence leans toward the idea that sesame lignans are not simply estrogenic or antiestrogenic in all cases—instead, their effect appears to shift with the hormonal environment. Since we have not seen any studies that contradict this finding in our analysis, the support is consistent, but we always acknowledge that new research could refine our understanding. What this means in practical terms: if you are considering adding sesame seeds or sesame oil to your diet for potential hormone-related benefits, our current reading of the evidence suggests the compounds may help balance estrogen activity rather than simply boosting or blocking it. As always, we recommend discussing any dietary changes with a healthcare provider, especially if you have a condition influenced by hormone levels.