causal

When people with excess body fat eat very few carbs and more fats, they lose about 4-5% of their muscle mass within a month, and this muscle loss continues for the full 12 weeks of the diet.

Scientific Claim

Very low-carbohydrate high-fat diets cause significant decreases in total lean body mass by approximately 4-5% within 4 weeks in overfat adults, which persists throughout the 12-week intervention period.

Original Statement

Total lean mass significantly decreased after 4 weeks by 4.7 [3.9; 5.7] % and 3.9 [3.1; 5.1] % in the VLCHF and VLCHF+HIIT groups, respectively. These changes remained stable over the 8 and 12 week measurements (4.2 [3.1; 5.2] % and 4.9 [3.8; 6.5] %, respectively)

Evidence Quality Assessment

Claim Status

overstated

Study Design Support

Design supports claim

Appropriate Language Strength

probability

Can suggest probability/likelihood

Assessment Explanation

While the study shows association between VLCHF diet and lean mass loss, the authors note that DXA may interpret body water loss as lean mass loss due to accelerated sodium and water excretion with low-carb diets. The causal claim should be qualified.

More Accurate Statement

Very low-carbohydrate high-fat diets are associated with significant decreases in total lean body mass by approximately 4-5% within 4 weeks in overfat adults, which persists throughout the 12-week intervention period, though this may partly reflect body water loss.