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When this iridium compound is exposed to special hydrogen gas, its hydrogen atoms show enhanced signals in NMR tests, which is a sign of polarization transfer.
Descriptive
The binuclear iridium compound doesn't work for hyperpolarization by itself, but when mixed with the active catalyst, it can help transfer polarization to pyridine molecules.
This iridium compound is easy to make, stable in air, and works better for hyperpolarization than the more complicated carbene-based catalysts usually used for this purpose.
In the binuclear iridium compound, different pyridine molecules swap places at different speeds, which seems to be related to how tightly they're attached to the iridium atoms.
A different iridium compound doesn't work well for hyperpolarization at room temperature because it holds onto pyridine too tightly, but it shows a little activity when warmed up.
The binuclear iridium compound can swap hydrogen atoms in pyridine molecules at specific rates, with the ortho position exchanging fastest.
Quantitative
Over time, the iridium compound changes into a different structure that can swap hydrogen atoms in molecules, which is useful for making labeled compounds for medical imaging.
When this iridium compound is used with special hydrogen gas, it can make NMR signals for pyridine much stronger—over 200 times stronger in some cases.
The iridium compound has parts that move around quickly at room temperature, with pyridine molecules leaving at about 8 times per second and hydrogen atoms swapping positions about 3.6 times per second.
The iridium compound loses a pyridine molecule to form a simpler structure that helps transfer polarization during the SABRE process.
A special iridium compound can make NMR signals much stronger for certain molecules like pyridine by using hydrogen gas, making it easier to detect these molecules in scientific tests.
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change how much carbohydrate their bodies burn while fasting
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change their baseline glycerol levels
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change their baseline free fatty acid levels
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change their baseline insulin levels
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change their baseline blood sugar levels
When using a control that doesn't block ER-α, there was no change in cancer cell growth, invasion, or death compared to normal cells.
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change their baseline blood fat levels
Blocking ER-α in liver cancer cells made them much less able to invade through membranes in lab tests, with about 75-80% fewer cells able to move through the barrier.
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change how their glycerol levels respond after eating a high-fat meal
Using a virus to deliver the genetic tool worked better than other methods, with about 80% of liver cancer cells taking up the treatment successfully.
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change how their free fatty acid levels respond after eating a high-fat meal
When ER-α was blocked in liver cancer cells, fewer cells were in the DNA-copying phase and more cells died, which explains why the cells grew slower.
Mechanistic
When healthy young men only eat between noon and 8pm for five days straight, it doesn't change how their insulin levels respond after eating a high-fat meal