Are IL-6 and MCP-1 levels higher in pericardial fluid than in blood after cardiac surgery?

General Health1 min readUpdated May 3, 2026

What the Evidence Shows

What we've found so far is that levels of immune signaling molecules, including IL-6 and MCP-1, appear to be higher in the fluid around the heart than in the blood after cardiac surgery. Our analysis of the available research suggests this pattern is consistent across the evidence we’ve...

Evidence from Studies

Supporting (0)
No supporting evidence found
Contradicting (0)
No contradicting evidence found
Primary Studies (1)

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Published
May 3, 2026·Last updated May 3, 2026

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Are IL-6 and MCP-1 levels higher in pericardial fluid than in blood after cardiac surgery? | Evidence-Based Answer | Fit Body Science