What do muscles secrete that affects the liver, brain, and gut microbiota?
What the Evidence Shows
We analyzed the available evidence and found that muscles release specific signaling molecules called myokines that communicate with the liver, brain, and gut microbiota to regulate their function [1]. These molecules are produced and released by muscle tissue during movement, especially during...
Evidence from Studies
Effect of resistance exercise intensity on the expression of PGC-1α isoforms and the anabolic and catabolic signaling mediators, IGF-1 and myostatin, in human skeletal muscle.
DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0047
Decoding the Endocrine Code of Skeletal Muscle: Myokines, Exerkines, and Inter-Organ Crosstalk in Metabolic Health and Disease
DOI: 10.3390/cells15040318
Combined resistance exercise and essential amino acid intake enhance follistatin/myostatin ratio and muscle fitness in older women: a randomized controlled trial
DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2026.2646626
Update History
- Invalid DateNew topic created from assertion