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The Study

Association between traditional cholesterol parameters, lipoprotein particle concentration, novel biomarkers and carotid plaques in retired National Football League players.

In simple terms

This study looked at 996 retired football players at one point in time and found that about 41% had plaque buildup in their neck arteries. It compared different cholesterol tests and found that measuring LDL particle number (LDL-P) was more linked to having plaques than the standard cholesterol test. But here's the important part: because researchers only looked at people once, they can't prove that high LDL-P actually causes the plaques to form - they can only show that these things tend to show up together.

44%

Analysis score

44/ 44

Maximum 44 for a cross-sectional study.

Where the score came from

Reporting0
Methodology25
Publication100
Statistical77
Study type (basis of the score)
Cross-Sectional Study
Level 4 - Case series
What’s the bottom line?

Researchers tested if newer blood markers are better at finding early heart disease than standard cholesterol tests in 996 retired NFL players.

Where does this study sit?

Reviews of RCTs (Meta-analyses)

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Reviews of Cohort Studies

Max 85

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Reviews of Case-Control Studies

Max 63

Case-Control Studies

Max 58

Cross-Sectional & Case Series

Max 50

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Cross-Sectional & Case Series
Level 4
44

44 / 100

Quality score

Snapshots of a population at a single point in time, or descriptions of small groups. Can identify correlations and prevalence, but cannot determine cause and effect.

Cannot establish causation

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Key takeaways

Summary

Based on the study abstract and findings.

  1. 1Yes significant - shows LDL particle counting is better than standard cholesterol or inflammation tests for predicting early heart disease in this population
  2. 241% had plaque in neck arteries.
  3. 3LDL particle count (LDL-P) was the best predictor.
  4. 4The inflammation marker hs-CRP did NOT predict plaque.

Score breakdown, methodology, conflicts of interest, evidence analysis & raw study data

Publication

Journal

Atherosclerosis

Year

2012

Authors

S. Virani, L. Pompeii, A. Lincoln, R. Dunn, A. Tucker, Vijay Nambi, K. Nasir, R. Vogel, Jeffrey L Boone, A. Roberts, C. Ballantyne

22 citations
Analysis v5
Fit Body Science verdict — we translate health studies into clear verdicts backed by peer-reviewed research.

Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health decisions.