Study analysis · Human reproduction · 2000

This pill and pellet combo silenced sperm in 3 out of 10 men—without hurting their sex drive or cholesterol.

A daily pill and a tiny testosterone implant stopped most men from making sperm for 8 weeks, with no bad side effects.

Reading level
Very low certainty
Level 1b · Individual RCTAssociation, not causationNo causal claims

Overview

What the study found

The study in plain English — the bottom line, every takeaway we extracted, and what to do with them.

In simple terms

This study saw what happened when men took different amounts of a hormone pill and pellet, and noticed that higher doses made sperm numbers go down. But it didn't randomly assign who got what, so we can't be sure the pill caused the change — maybe other things were involved.

What’s the bottom line?

Scientists tested if taking a daily pill (desogestrel) plus a testosterone pellet under the skin for 8 weeks could stop sperm production in healthy men.

How strong is this study?

The study tried different doses and measured lots of things, which is good. But we don't know if they made sure no one knew who got which pill, or if they picked people fairly. That makes it harder to trust that the results are really because of the medicine and not something else.

Reporting

0 / 100

  • COI disclosureconflicts of interest not disclosed
  • Data availabilitydata not shared
  • Code availabilitycode not shared
Methodology

35 / 100

  • Randomizationrandomization unclear
  • Blindingblinding unclear
  • Control group+15/15
  • Sample size (n=30)+2.8/20
  • Follow-up+10/10
Publication

100 / 100

Statistical

0 / 100

  • P-valuesno p-values reported
  • Effect sizeno effect size reported
  • Confidence intervalsno confidence intervals
  • Pre-registrationnot pre-registered

Each component is scored out of 100 and then capped by the study design — a case series cannot reach the ceiling a randomised trial can, however well it is reported.

Where it sits

RCT reviews

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Reviews of Cohort Studies

Max 85

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Reviews of Case-Control Studies

Max 63

Case-Control Studies

Max 58

Cross-Sectional & Case Series

Max 50

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Randomized Trials
Level 1b
32

32 / 100

Probability of being correct

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups, minimizing bias. The gold standard for testing whether an intervention causes an effect.

This design cannot establish causation — the findings describe an association, not a cause. Randomization status is unknown, so study cannot be classified as an RCT. Without confirmed randomization, causation cannot be established.

No Conflicts

No conflicts of interest identified

No conflicts of interest or funding information were disclosed in the text; study appears independently conducted.

The study report lacks any declaration of funding, author affiliations, or conflict of interest statement. While the results appear scientifically sound, the absence of transparency about funding sources limits full assessment of potential bias.

Key takeaways

  1. 01

    In the highest dose group (300 mcg), 3 out of 10 men had no sperm, and 7 had very low sperm.

  2. 02

    Hormones that control sperm were suppressed.

  3. 03

    No major side effects on mood, sex drive, or blood fats were seen.

  4. 04

    This means sperm production dropped sharply in most men without causing noticeable health problems, suggesting it could be a possible birth control method for men.

Surprising findings

  • Adding testosterone suppressed sperm instead of increasing itCommon belief is that more testosterone = more sperm—but here, extra testosterone + desogestrel shut down sperm production entirely.
  • Inhibin B vanished in semen but stayed stable in bloodInhibin B is a key sperm marker—its disappearance only in semen (not blood) suggests a localized, targeted effect on the testes.

Practical takeaways

Do not try this at home—desogestrel and testosterone pellets are prescription-only and not approved for contraception.

This was a small, short-term study with no long-term safety data, and full methodology is unavailable.

low confidence

Why this study matters

Sperm dropped to zero in 3 men

In the highest dose group (300 mcg desogestrel), 3 out of 10 healthy men became azoospermic—meaning zero sperm—in just 8 weeks. Another 7 in that group had severely low sperm (<3 million/ml).

This is one of the most effective short-term male contraceptive results ever seen—no surgery, no injections, just a pill and a pellet.

Hormones crashed—but testosterone didn’t

LH and FSH (the brain’s sperm-control signals) were suppressed across all doses, but testosterone levels only dipped slightly. Inhibin B in semen became undetectable in all 300 mcg participants.

It’s counterintuitive: adding testosterone suppressed sperm production instead of boosting it—because the brain got confused by the combo.

No side effects on sex, blood, or cholesterol

Despite major hormonal shifts, there were no significant changes in lipoproteins, fibrinogen, sexual behavior, or hematocrit—only minor drops in hemoglobin.

Most people assume hormonal birth control causes mood swings or weight gain—this study found none of that.

Want the whole report?

Detailed mode opens the full scientific breakdown — every score component, the methodology, conflicts of interest, the evidence analysis behind each claim, and the raw study data.