View

The Study

Increased afternoon step count increases heart rate variability in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

In simple terms

This study noticed that people who walked more in the afternoon tended to have better heart rhythm while sleeping, but it didn’t make anyone change their schedule. So we don’t know if walking in the afternoon made their heart better, or if people with healthier hearts just felt like walking more in the afternoon.

36%

Analysis score

36/ 44

Maximum 44 for a cross-sectional study.

Where the score came from

Reporting40
Methodology6
Publication100
Statistical23
Study type (basis of the score)
Cross-Sectional Study
Level 4 - Case series
What’s the bottom line?

People who walked more in the afternoon had better heart rhythm recovery while sleeping than those who walked more in the morning.

Where does this study sit?

Reviews of RCTs (Meta-analyses)

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Reviews of Cohort Studies

Max 85

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Reviews of Case-Control Studies

Max 63

Case-Control Studies

Max 58

Cross-Sectional & Case Series

Max 50

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Cross-Sectional & Case Series
Level 4
36

36 / 100

Quality score

Snapshots of a population at a single point in time, or descriptions of small groups. Can identify correlations and prevalence, but cannot determine cause and effect.

Cannot establish causation

Save studies & get personalized insights

Create a free account to save this study, track new evidence as it comes in, and get breakdowns of studies in the topics you care about.

Key takeaways

Summary

Based on the study abstract and findings.

  1. 1Yes — better heart rate variability during sleep is linked to lower heart disease risk and improved recovery, so this could matter for long-term health.
  2. 2People who took more afternoon steps had 3% higher heart rate variability during early sleep and 2% higher during the whole night (p-values: .003 and .047).

Score breakdown, methodology, conflicts of interest, evidence analysis & raw study data

Publication

Journal

Journal of clinical nursing

Year

2021

Authors

Natsuki Nakayama, Masahiko Miyachi, K. Tamakoshi, Shuji Morikawa, K. Negi, Koji Watanabe, Yoshimi Moriwaki, M. Hirai

4 citations
Analysis v5
Fit Body Science verdict — we translate health studies into clear verdicts backed by peer-reviewed research.

Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health decisions.