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The Study

Medial and Lateral Gastrocnemius Activation Differences During Heel-Raise Exercise with Three Different Foot Positions

In simple terms

This study is like taking a snapshot of how muscles work during an exercise. It shows which muscles are more active when you change your foot position, but it doesn't prove that doing this will actually make those muscles grow stronger over time.

27%

Analysis score

27/ 44

Maximum 44 for a cross-sectional study.

Where the score came from

Reporting0
Methodology2
Publication100
Statistical23
Study type (basis of the score)
Cross-Sectional Study
Level 4 - Case series
What’s the bottom line?

Researchers tested how turning your feet in or out while doing calf raises changes which calf muscles work harder. They measured muscle activity using sensors on 20 fit adults.

Where does this study sit?

Reviews of RCTs (Meta-analyses)

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Reviews of Cohort Studies

Max 85

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Reviews of Case-Control Studies

Max 63

Case-Control Studies

Max 58

Cross-Sectional & Case Series

Max 50

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Cross-Sectional & Case Series
Level 4
27

27 / 100

Quality score

Snapshots of a population at a single point in time, or descriptions of small groups. Can identify correlations and prevalence, but cannot determine cause and effect.

Cannot establish causation

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Key takeaways

Summary

Based on the study abstract and findings.

  1. 1The findings show that simple foot adjustments can target specific calf muscles during workouts, though it is unclear if this leads to bigger muscles or more strength over time.
  2. 2Turning feet out made the inner calf muscle work more than the outer one.
  3. 3Turning feet in made the outer calf muscle work more than the inner one.
  4. 4Both effects happened when lifting and lowering the weight.

Score breakdown, methodology, conflicts of interest, evidence analysis & raw study data

Publication

Journal

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Year

2011

Authors

B. Riemann, G. K. Limbaugh, Jayme D. Eitner, R. Lefavi

Open Access
57 citations
Analysis v5
Fit Body Science verdict — we translate health studies into clear verdicts backed by peer-reviewed research.

Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health decisions.