After a week of MOTS-c injections, mice could process insulin better, needing 30% more glucose to keep blood sugar stable during a test.

When mice were given a daily shot of a peptide called MOTS-c, their bodies became better at using sugar for energy and responding to insulin, especially in their muscles.

Diabetic rats given MOTS-c had lower blood sugar levels after fasting, showing better control of glucose.

Obese mice given MOTS-c injections for three days had lower blood sugar levels than mice that didn't receive the treatment.

Obese mice given MOTS-c had lower levels of suberate, a dicarboxylic acid, by 40% compared to untreated mice.

Old mice that got MOTS-c for a week had muscle glucose uptake as good as young mice, reversing age-related insulin resistance.