Cigarette smoking doubles the risk of age-related macular degeneration through oxidative damage and impaired retinal perfusion.

Study: A nationwide cohort study of cigarette smoking and risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in East Asian men

People who smoke cigarettes are more likely to get a serious eye disease that can cause blindness, and the more they smoke, the higher the risk. This study shows smokers have about a 65% higher chance than non-smokers, which supports the idea that smoking is very bad for your eyes.

Study: Smoking aggravates neovascular age-related macular degeneration via Sema4D-PlexinB1 axis-mediated activation of pericytes

This study shows that smokers are twice as likely to develop a serious eye disease called AMD, and it explains how smoking damages blood vessels in the eye, making the condition worse. So yes, smoking really does double the risk, and here’s why.

Study: Smoking and age related macular degeneration: the number of pack years of cigarette smoking is a major determinant of risk for both geographic atrophy and choroidal neovascularisation

People who smoked a lot over many years were more than twice as likely to develop serious eye damage that causes vision loss, and those who quit a long time ago had the same low risk as people who never smoked. Even secondhand smoke raised the risk.

Study: Smoking and the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis.

This study found that people who smoke are much more likely to develop a serious eye disease called AMD — current smokers are almost twice as likely as non-smokers. So yes, smoking makes this eye problem much more common.