In middle-aged people who are overweight, eating fewer carbs and more fat for 15 weeks might help their body respond better to insulin, while cutting calories on a low-fat diet could actually make insulin work worse — and these changes happen even if both groups lose about the same amount of weight.

If you're middle-aged and your body doesn't respond well to insulin, cutting carbs and eating more fat might help you lose belly fat better than a low-fat diet. But if your body handles insulin normally, both diets work about the same for fat loss.

Eating a low-carb diet for 12 weeks helps people with type 2 diabetes and obesity improve how their liver responds to insulin, making it work better without needing to change their medications.

Going without food on certain days works just as well as eating fewer calories every day to help your body respond better to insulin, especially if you're overweight or have early signs of diabetes.

After a few months of intermittent fasting, the body’s resistance to insulin drops by a measurable amount, making it easier for cells to absorb sugar from the blood.

People with very overweight and severe fatty liver also have much worse insulin resistance — meaning their bodies don’t respond well to insulin — compared to those with milder liver fat.