Dapagliflozin caused a temporary decrease in body fluid volume outside cells after 4 days, but this effect went away after two weeks in people with type 2 diabetes and healthy kidneys.
Scientific Claim
In patients with type 2 diabetes and preserved kidney function on a standardized sodium intake, dapagliflozin treatment was associated with a transient reduction in extracellular volume of 0.7 liters (95% CI: -1.3 to -0.1) after 4 days, but no significant change at 14 days (change: -0.1 L, 95% CI: -0.5 to 0.4).
Original Statement
“Mean (SD) extracellular volume at baseline was 20.9 (4.5) L, which was significantly reduced after ST but not at ET (change at day 4: −0.7 L [95% CI −1.3, − 0.1; P = 0.02]; change at day 14: −0.1 L [−0.5, 0.4; P = 0.73])”
Evidence Quality Assessment
Claim Status
appropriately stated
Study Design Support
Design supports claim
Appropriate Language Strength
association
Can only show association/correlation
Assessment Explanation
The study design is nonrandomized and lacks a control group, so only association can be inferred. The claim correctly uses 'associated with' to reflect this limitation.