For older Chinese men, a waist size of 83.5 cm is the best threshold to spot multiple health risks, while for women, it's 77.5 cm.

For older Chinese men, measuring body mass index, waist size, or waist-to-height ratio all work about equally well to predict if someone has three or more health risks like high blood pressure or diabetes.

For older Chinese women, body mass index and waist size are equally good at predicting multiple health risks, but waist-to-height ratio is slightly less accurate.

For older Chinese men, a BMI of 24.12 is the best threshold to identify those with multiple health risks, while for women, it's 23.53.

Measuring waist-to-hip ratio or body fat index is less useful for predicting health risks in older Chinese people than BMI, waist size, or waist-to-height ratio.

Older Chinese people without high blood pressure who have a larger waist size (over 90 cm for men or 85 cm for women) are slightly less likely to die from any cause compared to those with normal waist size.