In rat liver cells, a substance related to vinegar turns on a key energy sensor and lowers levels of two proteins involved in sugar and fat production, which might explain how vinegar helps with metabolism.

In rat liver cells, a substance related to vinegar (sodium acetate) turns on a key energy sensor and lowers the activity of genes involved in sugar and fat production, which might explain how vinegar helps with metabolism.

In cow liver cells, a certain amount of a chemical called sodium acetate seems to turn off a key fat-making enzyme, and this might be controlled by another switch called AMPK.

In cow liver cells, a chemical called acetate seems to help reduce fat buildup, especially when more is used, and this effect goes away if a specific cellular switch (AMPK) is turned off.

When cow liver cells are exposed to certain levels of a chemical called sodium acetate, it seems to turn on a key energy-sensing pathway in the cells that helps manage energy balance.

In cow liver cells, a chemical called acetate seems to turn off a key fat-making enzyme by flipping a molecular switch, and this only happens when another switch (called AMPK) is working.