Older adults with HIV who exercised for 16 weeks likely had denser thigh muscles (5.2% increase) compared to the control group (0.3% decrease), which was statistically significant.

Older people with HIV who did aerobic and resistance exercise for 16 weeks probably had bigger thigh muscles (7.5% increase) compared to those who didn't (3.1% decrease), and this difference was statistically significant.

Older people with HIV who did the exercise program for 16 weeks probably had much stronger legs (51.8% increase) compared to those who didn't (1.3% increase), and this difference was highly significant.

The exercise program didn't change levels of inflammation markers in older people with HIV compared to those who didn't exercise.

At the start of the study, people with HIV who had denser thigh muscles also had lower levels of certain inflammation markers, like TNF-alpha and IL-6.