Omega-3s, especially the types called DHA and EPA, are healthy fats found in fish and algae that your body needs to keep your brain working well and help prevent sickness.

What we've found so far is limited, but the evidence we've reviewed leans toward DHA and EPA omega-3 fatty acids playing a role in supporting brain function and helping to prevent illness. Based on the single assertion we analyzed, these fats—found in fish and algae—are described as beneficial for brain health and overall wellness [1]. Our current analysis shows that DHA and EPA are types of omega-3 fatty acids the body can use, and they may be important for keeping the brain working properly [1]. The evidence suggests they could also help reduce the risk of certain health problems, though we don’t have enough data yet to say how strong this effect is or how it applies across different people. We only reviewed one assertion, and no studies or claims in our analysis contradicted this view. That means what we know so far points in one direction, but it’s still a very narrow picture. We can’t determine from this alone how essential DHA and EPA are compared to other nutrients, or whether everyone needs to get them from food or supplements. Since our analysis is based on very limited input, we can’t draw broad conclusions. We don’t yet have enough evidence to say whether these omega-3s are essential in the strictest sense—meaning the body cannot function without them—but the available claim does highlight their potential importance. Practical takeaway: Eating foods like fatty fish or algae may support your brain and overall health, based on what we’ve seen so far. But more evidence is needed before we can say how critical they are for everyone.