Omega-3s, especially the types called DHA and EPA, might help with brain and heart diseases because they're important for how our nervous system works.

What we've found so far is limited, but the evidence we've reviewed suggests omega-3 fatty acids like DHA and EPA might play a role in supporting brain and heart health. Our current analysis is based on a small body of evidence, and we are still building a clearer picture over time. We analyzed one assertion from the available research, and it supports the idea that DHA and EPA could be beneficial for brain and heart conditions [1]. This is thought to be because these omega-3s are important building blocks for the nervous system and may influence how our cells communicate [1]. Since the brain and heart both rely heavily on well-functioning nerve signaling, having enough of these fats in the body might help maintain their proper function. However, we only have one assertion to consider so far, and no studies or claims that refute it. This means our understanding is still very early. We cannot say how strong the effect might be, for whom it applies, or whether it extends to inflammatory diseases—since no evidence on inflammation was included in what we’ve reviewed. The current evidence does not allow us to draw firm conclusions about treatment benefits. Our analysis remains open as more studies become available. Right now, the evidence we’ve reviewed leans toward a possible supportive role for DHA and EPA in brain and heart health, but we do not have enough data to say how effective or consistent this might be across different people or conditions. Practical takeaway: While omega-3s from sources like fatty fish are commonly included in healthy diets, we can't yet say for sure how much they help treat specific diseases based on what we've reviewed.