People with type 2 diabetes who take SGLT-2 inhibitors tend to have lower fasting insulin levels than those using other diabetes drugs.

People with type 2 diabetes who take SGLT-2 inhibitors tend to have lower levels of a key inflammation marker called interleukin-6 than those taking other diabetes medications.

Type 2 diabetes patients taking SGLT-2 inhibitors have lower levels of uric acid in their blood than those on other diabetes medications.

A class of diabetes drugs (SGLT2 inhibitors) cuts hospitalizations for heart failure by a third and lowers death risk by nearly 40% — even before blood sugar improves — suggesting they protect the heart in ways beyond lowering sugar.

In a specific strain of rats with diabetes, a 7-day course of an SGLT2 inhibitor raises the amount of glucose produced by the liver during fasting by about 30% and lowers the amount of glucose used by the body by 40%, resulting in metabolic changes similar to those seen during fasting or reduced calorie intake.

In a specific strain of rats with diabetes, a 7-day course of an SGLT2 inhibitor enhances how well skeletal muscle responds to insulin by lowering fat buildup inside muscle cells and increasing glucose absorption during high insulin and glucose conditions, without altering how the liver responds to insulin.