In adult men, those with higher body fat tend to have a smaller increase in sympathetic nerve activity during a glucose challenge, even though their insulin levels rise more than those with lower...
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
When you eat sugar, your body releases insulin, which normally tells your nerves to become more active in your muscles. But if you have more body fat, your brain's nerves don't respond as well to insulin, so they don't turn up the activity—even though there's more insulin around. This is why obese...
Most probable mechanism
When someone eats sugar, their body releases insulin, which normally tells the nervous system to increase activity in the muscles. But in people with more body fat, the nervous system doesn't respond as well to insulin, so the muscle doesn't get the same signal to become more active, even though there's more insulin in the blood.
Oral ingestion of glucose causes a rise in blood glucose levels, triggering pancreatic beta-cells to secrete insulin.
Insulin normally activates neural circuits in the hypothalamus or brainstem that increase sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle.
In individuals with higher body fat, insulin signaling in central neural pathways is impaired, reducing the ability of insulin to stimulate sympathetic nerve activity.
As a result, muscle sympathetic nerve activity increases less during glucose ingestion despite higher insulin concentrations.
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Glucose Ingestion: Impact of Plasma Insulin and Body Fat
Contradicting (0)
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