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The Study

Glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European cohort study.

In simple terms

This study found that people who ate more sugary or starchy foods tended to have more heart problems later, but it didn’t prove the food caused the problems — maybe those people also exercised less or smoked. So we can say the food is linked to heart issues, but not that it makes them happen.

52%

Analysis score

52/ 72

Maximum 72 for a cohort study.

Where the score came from

Reporting0
Methodology38
Publication100
Statistical77
Study type (basis of the score)
Cohort Study
Level 2b - Individual cohort study
What’s the bottom line?

This study looked at what people ate and saw if it made them more likely to have heart problems later.

Where does this study sit?

Reviews of RCTs (Meta-analyses)

Max 100

Randomized Trials

Max 90

Reviews of Cohort Studies

Max 85

Cohort Studies

Max 72

Reviews of Case-Control Studies

Max 63

Case-Control Studies

Max 58

Cross-Sectional & Case Series

Max 50

Expert Opinion

Max 5
StrongerWeaker
Cohort Studies
Level 2b
52

52 / 100

Quality score

Groups of people are followed over time to see who develops an outcome. Strong for identifying risk factors and associations, but cannot prove causation as firmly as RCTs.

Cannot establish causation

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Key takeaways

Summary

Based on the study abstract and findings.

  1. 1Yes — even small daily increases in sugary carbs (like one extra slice of white bread or soda) were linked to measurable increases in heart disease risk, especially in overweight people.
  2. 2People who ate more high-glycemic carbs had 18% more heart disease risk per 50g/day increase.
  3. 3Those with higher BMI had 22% higher risk per 50g/day.
  4. 4Eating more sugar or total carbs also raised risk by 9–11% per 50g/day.

Score breakdown, methodology, conflicts of interest, evidence analysis & raw study data

Publication

Journal

The American journal of clinical nutrition

Year

2020

Authors

S. Sieri, C. Agnoli, S. Grioni, E. Weiderpass, A. Mattiello, I. Sluijs, María-José Sánchez, M. U. Jakobsen, M. Sweeting, Y. T. van der Schouw, L. Nilsson, P. Wennberg, V. Katzke, T. Kühn, K. Overvad, T. Tong, M. Conchi, J. Quirós, J. M. García-Torrecillas, O. Mokoroa, Jesús-Humberto Gómez, A. Tjønneland, Emiliy Sonestedt, A. Trichopoulou, A. Karakatsani, Elissavet Valanou, J. Boer, W. Verschuren, M. Boutron‐Ruault, G. Fagherazzi, A. Madika, M. Bergmann, M. Schulze, P. Ferrari, H. Freisling, H. Lennon, C. Sacerdote, G. Masala, R. Tumino, E. Riboli, N. Wareham, J. Danesh, N. Forouhi, A. Butterworth, V. Krogh

Open Access
31 citations
Analysis v5

Related Content

Claims (10)

Assertion

Eating foods that spike your blood sugar quickly may double your chance of getting heart disease, even if you don’t have other risk factors like high blood pressure or smoking.

Correlational
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Assertion

Eating a lot of foods that spike your blood sugar quickly may raise your chance of getting heart disease—even if you’re otherwise healthy or don’t smoke or have high blood pressure.

Correlational
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Assertion

Eating more carbs each day might raise your risk of heart disease — for every extra 50 grams of carbs (about the amount in a large potato or a big slice of bread), your risk goes up by 11%, even if those carbs don’t spike your blood sugar much.

Correlational
Read analysis
Assertion

Eating more sugar—like 50 grams extra a day—seems to go hand in hand with a higher chance of getting heart disease, which might mean sugary foods are part of why some diets lead to heart problems.

Correlational
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Assertion

Eating foods that spike your blood sugar quickly might slightly raise your risk of heart disease, but only if you look at the numbers in a certain way—when you group people into categories, the link disappears.

Correlational
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Assertion

People who eat a lot of sugary or starchy foods and have a higher body weight are more likely to develop heart disease than people with the same diet but lower body weight — for every extra 50 grams of sugar and starch per day, their risk goes up by 22%. But if you’re lighter, that same diet doesn’t seem to raise your risk much.

Correlational
Read analysis
Fit Body Science verdict — we translate health studies into clear verdicts backed by peer-reviewed research.

Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health decisions.