Why eating protein first makes you eat less
Effect of a protein preload on food intake and satiety feelings in response to duodenal fat perfusions in healthy male subjects.
Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional. Terms
This study tested if eating protein before a meal and pumping fat into the intestine makes people eat less. It found protein alone helps, but fat doesn't.
No biological mechanisms were identified in this study. This may be an epidemiological, observational, or survey-based study that reports associations rather than proposing causal biological pathways.
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Evidence Score
Participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups, minimizing bias. Considered the gold standard for testing whether an intervention causes an effect.
Not medical advice. For informational purposes only. Always consult a healthcare professional. Terms
This study tested if eating protein before a meal and pumping fat into the intestine makes people eat less. It found protein alone helps, but fat doesn't.
No biological mechanisms were identified in this study. This may be an epidemiological, observational, or survey-based study that reports associations rather than proposing causal biological pathways.
Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses
Max 100Randomized Controlled Trials
Max 90Cohort Studies
Max 72Case-Control Studies
Max 58Cross-Sectional Studies
Max 44Case Reports & Case Series
Max 30Expert Opinion & Narrative Reviews
Max 556 / 90
Evidence Score
Participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups, minimizing bias. Considered the gold standard for testing whether an intervention causes an effect.
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Claims (5)
Consuming a protein-rich drink before a meal leads to a 19% reduction in the amount of food eaten during that meal in healthy young men.
In healthy young men, introducing fat directly into the upper intestine increased a hormone linked to fullness but did not lead to a meaningful reduction in how much they ate.
When healthy young men consume protein before a meal and fat is delivered directly to the upper intestine, the total amount of food they eat is not lower than when they consume protein alone. This suggests the two stimuli affect fullness independently, not together.
Consuming a protein-rich drink before a meal reduces feelings of hunger and increases fullness in healthy young men, but introducing fat directly into the upper intestine does not significantly affect these sensations, suggesting that protein's effect on fullness comes from signals originating in the stomach or nerves rather than hormones.
Eating a protein-rich snack before a meal makes you feel full, but this feeling is not caused by the release of three specific gut hormones. Instead, it may result from the stomach stretching or signals sent by nerves.