In mice with type 2 diabetes, consuming mulberry leaf water extract is linked to changes in the levels of certain gut bacteria, and these changes are related to lower levels of two blood compounds...
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
The plant extract changes the gut bacteria, which stops harmful toxins from leaking into the blood. This tells the body to make fewer stress-related chemicals that interfere with blood sugar control, leading to better metabolism overall.
Most probable mechanism
A plant extract changes the types of bacteria in the gut, which reduces harmful bacterial toxins leaking into the blood. This lowers inflammation and tells the body to stop making too many natural chemicals that worsen insulin resistance. As a result, blood sugar and fat metabolism improve.
Bioactive compounds in the extract selectively modulate the abundance of specific gut bacterial genera, increasing those associated with metabolic health and decreasing those linked to lipopolysaccharide production.
Reduced abundance of LPS-producing bacteria decreases the amount of bacterial endotoxin crossing the intestinal barrier into the bloodstream.
Lower systemic endotoxin levels reduce activation of inflammatory pathways in the liver and intestinal tissue.
Improved intestinal barrier integrity increases expression of tight junction proteins, further limiting endotoxin translocation.
Reduced endotoxin and inflammation normalize the activity of enzymes that synthesize and break down endocannabinoids in the liver and ileum.
Decreased synthesis and increased degradation of endocannabinoids lower circulating levels of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
Lower endocannabinoid tone reduces overactivation of cannabinoid receptors in metabolic tissues, improving insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism.
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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