Back to "Furthermore, when MSNA responses were ex..."
Strong Support
mechanistic
Analysis v2
History

Men with high endurance fitness show a larger increase in nerve activity linked to insulin signaling after eating, compared to men with average fitness, suggesting their brains respond more strongly...

45
Pro
0
Against

Mechanism

Synthesis from 1 study

How it works

People who train for endurance sports have brains that respond more strongly to insulin after eating, even when there's less insulin in the blood. This stronger brain response turns up nerve signals to muscles, which is why their sympathetic activity rises more than expected. It's not that their...

Most probable mechanism

In Simple Terms

After eating, insulin crosses into the brain more efficiently in people who train endurance, where it activates specific nerve centers that tell the body to increase nerve signals to muscles. This happens even when insulin levels in the blood are lower, meaning the brain is more responsive to insulin's signal.

Causal chain
1

Chronic endurance training increases the efficiency of insulin transport across the blood-brain barrier.

Indirect evidence only
which leads to
2

Higher insulin concentration in the hypothalamus activates insulin receptors on neurons in this region.

Indirect evidence only
which leads to
3

Insulin binding triggers intracellular signaling pathways (PI3K and MAPK) within hypothalamic neurons.

Indirect evidence only
which leads to
4

Activated hypothalamic neurons increase efferent sympathetic nerve firing directed toward skeletal muscle.

Verified by multiple studies
which leads to
5

Increased sympathetic nerve activity results in higher burst incidence and amplitude of muscle sympathetic nerve activity.

Verified by multiple studies

Evidence from Studies

Supporting (1)

45

Community contributions welcome

45

Influence of endurance training on central sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle in response to a mixed meal.

Randomized Controlled Trial
Human
2010 Apr

Contradicting (0)

0

Community contributions welcome

No contradicting evidence found

Gold Standard Evidence Needed

According to GRADE and EBM methodology, here is what ideal scientific evidence would look like to definitively prove or disprove this specific claim, ordered from strongest to weakest evidence.

Sign up to see full verdict

Source Study

Influence of endurance training on central sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle in response to a mixed meal.

Score: 45
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01174.2009

Similar Assertions

Men who train for endurance have similar blood sugar levels after eating as men with average fitness, but they produce less insulin. This suggests their bodies use insulin more efficiently, and this efficiency is not because they eat less carbs or different meals.

45
0
77%

Men who regularly do endurance exercise have 45% lower insulin levels after eating a meal than men with average fitness, even though their blood sugar levels rise similarly, suggesting their bodies use insulin more efficiently to manage glucose.

45
0
76%

Men who are highly trained in endurance exercise have the same blood flow and vessel dilation in their thighs after eating a meal as men with average fitness, even though their bodies respond better to insulin.

45
0
72%

In adult men, those with higher body fat tend to have a smaller increase in sympathetic nerve activity during a glucose challenge, even though their insulin levels rise more than those with lower body fat.

35
0
72%

When people with higher body fat consume glucose, their insulin levels rise, but the resulting increase in nerve activity that controls blood vessel constriction and heart rate is smaller than in people with lower body fat.

35
0
71%