In regions where people traditionally eat little meat and a lot of carbohydrates, type 2 diabetes is more common than in other parts of the world.
Mechanism
Synthesis from 1 study
Eating too many carbs over time causes the liver to make fat, which builds up in the liver and muscles. This fat makes it harder for the body to use insulin properly, so blood sugar stays high and eventually leads to diabetes. But not everyone who eats lots of carbs gets diabetes — other factors...
Most probable mechanism
When a person eats a lot of carbohydrates over a long time, the liver turns the extra sugar into fat. This fat builds up in the liver and muscles, which makes it harder for the body to respond to insulin. As a result, blood sugar stays high, and over time, this leads to type 2 diabetes.
Excess dietary carbohydrates are converted into fatty acids in the liver through de novo lipogenesis.
These newly synthesized fats are packaged into triglycerides and transported to non-adipose tissues such as the liver and skeletal muscle.
Accumulation of lipids in liver and muscle cells interferes with insulin signaling pathways, reducing glucose uptake and promoting hyperglycemia.
Persistent insulin resistance leads to compensatory hyperinsulinemia, which eventually exhausts pancreatic beta-cell function, resulting in insufficient insulin production and sustained hyperglycemia.
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (0)
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Contradicting (1)
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Carbohydrate substitution for fat or protein and risk of type 2 diabetes in male smokers
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