Doing single-muscle exercises first makes you tired, so you can build muscle with lighter weights on bigger exercises.
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
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Effects of Pre-exhaustion Versus Traditional Resistance Training on Training Volume, Maximal Strength, and Quadriceps Hypertrophy
The study shows that doing isolation exercises first before compound moves helps build muscle with lighter weights, just like the claim says.
Contradicting (2)
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The Pre-Exhaustion Method Does Not Increase Muscle Activity in Target Muscle During Strength Training in Untrained Individuals
The study looked at pre-exhaustion and found it didn't make the main muscle work harder, which goes against the idea that it helps build muscle better with lighter weights.
The study tested pre-exhaustion training but found it wasn't better than regular training when the total workout amount was the same, which goes against the idea that it helps build muscle with lighter weights.
Gold Standard Evidence Needed
According to GRADE and EBM methodology, here is what ideal scientific evidence would look like to definitively prove or disprove this specific claim, ordered from strongest to weakest evidence.