When caffeine is added to nicotine gum, it makes the nicotine work even better at making you feel less hungry and more full.
Scientific Claim
Caffeine at doses of 50–100 mg enhances the appetite-suppressing effects of nicotine, as evidenced by a statistically significant three-way interaction between caffeine, nicotine, and time on hunger and fullness scores.
Original Statement
“Caffeine appeared to amplify the effects of nicotine on hunger and fullness as a caffeine × nicotine × time interaction was observed in these scores (p < 0.05).”
Evidence Quality Assessment
Claim Status
appropriately stated
Study Design Support
Design supports claim
Appropriate Language Strength
probability
Can suggest probability/likelihood
Assessment Explanation
The RCT design supports causal claims, but the small sample and lack of effect size or precision metrics require probabilistic language. 'Amplifies' is acceptable but should be softened to 'may amplify'.
More Accurate Statement
“Caffeine at doses of 50–100 mg may enhance the appetite-suppressing effects of nicotine in healthy young men of normal weight.”
Evidence from Studies
Supporting (1)
The appetite‐suppressant effect of nicotine is enhanced by caffeine *
The study found that when people chewed gum with both nicotine and caffeine, they felt less hungry than when they used nicotine alone — and the more caffeine they got (up to 100 mg), the stronger this effect became over time.