In mice with insulin resistance, insulin treatment made the blood slightly more acidic, as shown by a drop in pH from 7.24 to 7.11.

In mice with insulin resistance, long-term insulin treatment raised blood sodium levels by about 5 units.

In mice with insulin resistance, insulin treatment caused a significant rise in the anion gap (a measure of acid in the blood), suggesting the blood became more acidic.

In mice with insulin resistance, insulin treatment lowered blood urea nitrogen levels by about two-thirds, which may indicate changes in kidney function or diet.

In mice with insulin resistance, insulin treatment caused a small, temporary rise in systolic blood pressure (about 5 mm Hg) in the first week, but blood pressure returned to normal levels after that.

In mice with insulin resistance, giving extra insulin for two weeks lowered the levels of nitric oxide breakdown products in blood and urine by almost half, even though the kidney showed signs of producing more nitric oxide.