Scientists don’t know enough about how the whole mix of small and big fat cells works together to affect health.

Reduction in adipose tissue volume is accompanied by increased adipocyte density, reflecting smaller adipocyte size, improved vascularization, reduced hypoxia, and decreased local inflammation.

Making big fat cells smaller by eating less, moving more, or having weight-loss surgery helps fat cells work better and improves your health.

When your body has extra energy, it stores it in fat cells by making the cells bigger or making more of them.

In people with obesity, larger fat cells in the subcutaneous layer are more closely linked to insulin resistance in fat tissue than the presence of immune cells, aging cells, or inflammatory molecules, suggesting that fat cell enlargement, not inflammation, is the main factor disrupting fat breakdown.

When fat cells get too big, they don't work well and the body tries to stop them from growing further to avoid damage and swelling.