Browse evidence-based analysis of health-related claims and assertions
Doing short bursts of intense exercise for 12 weeks doesn't improve the maximum oxygen your body can use during exercise in people with excess body fat, even though they can exercise longer before getting tired.
Causal
Eating very few carbs and more fats for 12 weeks makes people with excess body fat lose about 6-9 centimeters from their waist size.
When people with excess body fat eat very few carbs and more fats, their blood ketone levels rise quickly within two weeks, showing their body has switched to burning fat for fuel.
Descriptive
Adding high-intensity interval training to a very low-carb diet doesn't make the belly fat reduction any better than just doing the diet alone in people with excess body fat.
When people with excess body fat eat very few carbs and more fats, they lose about 4-5% of their muscle mass within a month, and this muscle loss continues for the full 12 weeks of the diet.
Doing short bursts of intense exercise a few times a week for 12 weeks makes people with excess body fat able to exercise longer before getting tired, but doesn't significantly improve their maximum oxygen capacity.
Eating very few carbs and more fats for 12 weeks makes the dangerous belly fat around organs shrink by about a quarter in people who have too much body fat.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity improve blood vessel health by reducing markers of inflammation in blood vessels, bringing them back to levels normally seen in younger people.
Quantitative
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks significantly improves insulin sensitivity in older adults with obesity, bringing it back to levels normally seen in younger people.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity reduce DNA damage in their blood and muscles, which could help protect against cellular aging and disease.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity reduce markers of cellular aging in muscles and improve muscle stem cell activity, which could help with muscle repair and maintenance.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity reduce belly fat and lower blood pressure, but doesn't significantly change overall weight or body mass index.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity walk faster and have stronger hands, bringing their physical abilities closer to those of younger people.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks significantly reduces inflammation in older adults with obesity, bringing their inflammatory markers down to levels normally seen in younger people.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity burn fat more efficiently in their mitochondria and use less glucose for energy, bringing their metabolism closer to that of younger people.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks significantly reduces markers of oxidative damage in older adults with obesity, bringing them down to levels normally seen in younger people.
Taking GlyNAC for 16 weeks helps older adults with obesity make more of their body's main antioxidant in muscles and blood, bringing it up to levels normally seen in younger people.
The amount of a protective enzyme in the gut doesn't always match how leaky the gut is in fruit flies, suggesting other factors are involved.
Correlational
Eating a lot of sugar makes fruit flies have smaller guts and smaller bodies overall.
Eating a lot of sugar causes changes in the structural proteins of the gut wall in fruit flies, making them more disorganized.
When fruit flies eat normal food, removing their gut bacteria makes their gut more leaky, but when they eat a lot of sugar, removing gut bacteria doesn't change gut leakiness.
A probiotic bacteria called Lactobacillus rhamnosus can either make the gut more or less leaky in human gut cells in a lab setting, depending on how much sugar is present.
The bacteria in the gut interact with sugar to affect how leaky the gut is in fruit flies and human gut cells in a lab setting.
A common food additive called titanium dioxide nanoparticles doesn't seem to make the gut more leaky in fruit flies or human gut cells in a lab setting.