MOTS-c helped maintain higher activity levels of key muscle signaling proteins (AKT, FOXO1, FOXO3a) in immobilized mice, which are important for muscle health.

MOTS-c helped restore normal activity levels of key muscle proteins (AKT and FOXOs) that are disrupted during immobilization.

When mice had their legs immobilized for 8 days, giving them MOTS-c helped their muscles lose less weight (5% instead of 15%) compared to mice that didn't get the treatment.

MOTS-c reduced the amount of fatty acids in the muscles of immobilized mice, which may prevent harmful fat buildup.

MOTS-c lowered levels of myostatin, a protein that inhibits muscle growth, in the muscles of immobilized mice.

In immobilized mice, higher levels of MOTS-c in the muscles were linked to better muscle mass retention.