MOTS-c helped restore normal activity levels of key muscle proteins (AKT and FOXOs) that are disrupted during immobilization.

MOTS-c helped maintain higher activity levels of key muscle signaling proteins (AKT, FOXO1, FOXO3a) in immobilized mice, which are important for muscle health.

MOTS-c treatment lowered levels of myostatin, a protein that normally limits muscle growth, in immobilized mice.

Mice with immobilized legs that received MOTS-c had lower levels of key inflammation markers in their blood compared to untreated mice.

MOTS-c reduced the amount of fatty acids in the muscles of immobilized mice, which may prevent harmful fat buildup.

When mice had their legs immobilized for 8 days, giving them MOTS-c helped their muscles lose less weight (5% instead of 15%) compared to mice that didn't get the treatment.