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When tilapia fish are raised in salty water that's low in potassium, adding taurine to their food seems to boost certain genes in their gills that help manage water and salt levels — but giving them...
If you're raising a special kind of tilapia in slightly salty water that's low in potassium, they need a bit more potassium in their food—about 0.57 to 0.60 grams per 100 grams of food—to grow well...
Giving extra potassium in their food helps farmed tilapia handle salty water better, reduces stress on their gills, and saves energy — and 0.6% potassium in the feed works best.
When farming a type of tilapia in salty water that’s low in potassium, giving the fish a mix of a little potassium and taurine in their food helps them grow the most—way better than giving just one...
Scientists made a tool in lab-grown cells that lights up when creatine is present, so they can quickly test how well different drugs or substances affect creatine levels inside cells.
A man-made version of creatine called cyclocreatine uses the same doorway into cells and turns off the creatine-making enzyme in a similar way, just needing higher amounts to have the same effect.
In certain human cells, how much creatine is inside the cell controls a specific gene switch, no matter how the creatine got in—meaning the cell cares about its internal supply, not where it came...
Creatine gets into human cells in two ways: one is like a precise lock-and-key system that works well at low levels, and the other is a more general process that kicks in when there's a lot of...
In certain human cells, the more creatine builds up inside, the less the cell makes on its own — like a built-in thermostat that senses creatine levels and turns down production when there's enough.
A group of experts was one of the first to make special rules for classifying gene changes in a rare brain disorder caused by a faulty gene on the X chromosome, helping doctors better understand how...
A team of experts reviewed 34 confusing genetic test results for a rare brain disorder and were able to clear up nearly two-thirds of the uncertainties, making it easier for doctors to give accurate...
A group of doctors created a scoring system to better figure out if certain gene changes cause creatine deficiency, using lab tests like blood, urine, brain scans, and skin cell tests — the more...
In people with certain brain-related creatine disorders, the most common DNA changes found in three key genes are a type called 'missense' — meaning a small typo that changes one building block of a...
A group of experts made special rules to better understand genetic changes linked to rare brain-related creatine disorders, using extra medical and lab clues to make more accurate diagnoses.
In rat blood vessel cells, a hormone called GIP makes the vessels tighter by boosting a constricting chemical and blocking a relaxing one — suggesting it can push blood flow in two opposite...
In male rats, insulin helps blood flow to leg muscles pretty quickly—but only if they're eating regular food. If they're on a high-fat diet, insulin doesn't do this job well anymore.
In male rats, a hormone called GIP can completely stop another hormone, GLP-1, from increasing blood flow to leg muscles—even if the rats eat junk food or regular food—and it does this without...
In male rats, a hormone called GIP can block insulin’s ability to increase blood flow to leg muscles, even when insulin levels stay the same — suggesting GIP directly interferes with how insulin...
Taking 20 grams of creatine a day for five days boosts the amount of creatine in young men's muscles, even if they don’t work out or eat a lot of carbs.
Creatine might help your muscles store more glycogen, but only if you first do a workout that drains your energy stores — otherwise, it doesn’t do much for glycogen.
If young, healthy guys take sugar supplements for 5 days, their muscles store more energy, but taking creatine doesn’t do the same — so sugar seems to fill up muscle fuel better than creatine when...
Taking creatine for five days boosts creatine in muscles, but doesn’t change how much glycogen (energy) is used during intense cycling in healthy young guys — so more creatine alone doesn’t help save...
Taking creatine for 5 days doesn’t boost muscle fuel stores in healthy young guys who aren’t working out or eating extra carbs — it needs more than just the supplement to make a difference.
Genetic errors that cause creatine deficiency don’t stop the transporter from being made, but they break it in specific ways—like jamming the ion channels, warping the shape, or loosening the...