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People with mild high blood pressure who have trouble using insulin well also tend to have muscles that don’t take in sugar properly and don’t get as much blood flow — suggesting their metabolism and...
People with mild high blood pressure who aren't taking medicine don't process sugar as well in their muscles and body when insulin is high, which suggests their body is resisting insulin's effects.
People with mild high blood pressure don't get as big of a blood flow boost in their muscles when insulin kicks in, compared to people with normal blood pressure.
When certain heart medications are removed from rat muscle cells in a lab, the cells start taking in more creatine than before — like they're bouncing back stronger after a pause.
Red blood cells keep much more creatine inside them than is floating in the blood, even if blood levels change — it’s like they have a special pump that keeps the levels steady.
Even though blood cells from people with kidney disease let in more creatine, they don’t end up with more creatine inside — probably because something in their blood is blocking it from building up.
People with kidney disease have red blood cells that pull in more creatine using sodium than healthy people do, but their cells work the same when sodium isn’t involved — this suggests their bodies...
In regular human red blood cells, about 40% of the creatine that gets inside does so using a special sodium-powered process, which means this system plays a big role in controlling how much creatine...
When young guys eat certain carbs that don’t digest and burn through their stored energy, their blood sodium dips just a little — but not enough to throw off body scan measurements.
After a really tough workout, young guys lose about half a liter of fluid from outside their cells within a day — and it happens whether their energy stores are low or full, so fluid changes aren't...
Even when athletes burn off more than half their muscle sugar, a body scan tool called BIS doesn’t see fake changes in muscle water — so it’s a reliable way to track body changes during training.
After a really tough bike ride, young guys can lose about half a kilo of 'lean mass' the next day if they don’t eat enough carbs to refuel — but it’s not muscle loss, it’s mostly water stuck to...
After intense cycling, young men burn through a lot of muscle fuel (glycogen), but that doesn’t change how water is split between cells and surrounding areas in their arms, trunk, or legs—measured by...
When young guys eat certain carbs that their body can't digest, their blood sodium dips a little bit — but only when they're using up stored energy, not when they're refilling it. This suggests the...
After a really tough workout, young guys lose a little bit of fluid from outside their cells — and it happens whether their energy stores are low or back to normal, so something other than fuel...
Even when young guys burn off a lot of muscle fuel (glycogen) in their legs over a day, a special body scan that measures water doesn’t pick up any change in leg water levels — meaning it might not...
If young guys do really intense cycling and don't eat carbs afterward, they lose about half a kilo of lean weight in a day—mostly from lost muscle fuel and water. But if they eat carbs, their lean...
When young guys burn off a lot of energy during intense cycling, their muscles lose stored fuel (glycogen), but this doesn’t seem to change how water is distributed in their arms, legs, or body — at...
When fit male runners exercise for a long time in hot weather, their muscles lose nearly half their fuel and over 10% of their water — showing that heat and hard effort together really drain both...
When male endurance athletes drink enough fluids to fully rehydrate after a long, sweaty workout, their muscles hold onto a lot more water than expected for the amount of fuel (glycogen) they're...
When male endurance athletes refill their muscle fuel after long workouts, each gram of that fuel comes back with at least 3 grams of water stuck to it — even if they're not drinking much.
For male endurance athletes who are dehydrated after long workouts, drinking a little or a lot of fluid with carbs doesn’t make a difference in how fast their muscles refill energy stores in the...
Taking cinnamon with creatine doesn’t give young active guys any extra boost in strength, power, or endurance beyond what creatine alone already does — even though cinnamon might help with insulin.
For young, active guys taking creatine, adding carbs doesn’t seem to make it work better for boosting power, strength, or stamina—even though we thought insulin from carbs might help the body absorb...