Browse evidence-based analysis of health-related claims and assertions
A quick heart rate test might help doctors spot people who are more likely to get fatty liver disease
Descriptive
Fatty liver disease is more common in people whose hearts don't change rate as much
Correlational
How much your heart rate changes might be connected to how your body's automatic systems work, which could relate to fatty liver disease
People whose hearts don't change rate as much are more likely to develop fatty liver disease than people whose hearts change rate more
A very quick heart rate measurement might help doctors identify people who are more likely to develop fatty liver disease in the future
People with lower heart rate variability (a measure of how much heart rate changes) from very short heart recordings are more likely to develop fatty liver disease later on
When overweight or obese people eat a small amount of mango or a cookie with the same calories, there's no difference in the levels of leptin, ghrelin, or PYY hormones after 45 minutes.
Both a small amount of mango and a cookie with the same calories make a hormone called CCK go up after 45 minutes, and they do this to about the same degree.
When overweight or obese people eat a small amount of mango, a hormone called adiponectin goes up after 45 minutes, but eating a cookie with the same calories doesn't have this effect.
When overweight or obese people eat a small amount of mango instead of a cookie with the same calories, their insulin levels don't rise as much after 45 minutes.
When overweight or obese people eat a small amount of mango instead of a cookie with the same calories, their blood sugar doesn't go up as much after 45 minutes.
When mice eat a very low-carb diet, their fat tissue mitochondria use more of a specific healthy fat (C18:2) and less of another (C22:6)
Quantitative
When only fat cells lack TXNIP, they show the same mitochondrial problems as when the whole body lacks TXNIP
When fat cells get too much glucose, they make more short-chain fats and less of a specific healthy fat called linoleic acid
Mice that can't control glucose uptake have less of the protein that makes heat in their fat tissue, even though the gene for it turns on normally when cold
The heart of mice with excess glucose uptake has less of a specific healthy fat in its mitochondria
When fat cells make too many saturated fats from glucose, these fats travel through the blood to other organs like the heart
When fat cells get too much glucose, their mitochondria become stiffer because the fats in their membranes change
When too much glucose enters fat cells, they stop making the proteins needed to get and build healthy fats for mitochondria
When mice with excess glucose uptake eat a very low-carb diet, their fat-burning tissue works better in the cold because the diet changes the types of fats in their mitochondria
Mechanistic
When mice can't control how much glucose enters their cells, their fat-burning tissue doesn't work as well in the cold because the mitochondria don't have enough healthy fats in their membranes
Adding high-intensity interval training to a very low-carb diet doesn't stop the muscle loss that happens when people with excess body fat eat very few carbs for 12 weeks.
Causal
Eating very few carbs and more fats for 12 weeks doesn't improve the maximum oxygen your body can use during exercise in people with excess body fat when measured in absolute terms.
When people with excess body fat eat very few carbs and more fats, their bodies burn more fat for fuel during intense exercise, as shown by lower respiratory exchange ratio measurements.